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| children = | module = }} Sir Sidney Poitier, KBE〔Because Poitier is a citizen of The Bahamas, a Commonwealth realm, this is a substantive (as opposed to honorary) knighthood, which entitles him to the style "Sir". However, Poitier employs the title only in connection with his former official ambassadorial duties.〕 ( or ; born February 20, 1927), is a Bahamian-American actor, film director, author and diplomat. In 1964, Poitier became the first Bahamian and first African-American to win an Academy Award for Best Actor,〔James Baskett won an Honorary Academy Award, for his performance in Walt Disney's ''Song of the South'' (1946). The award was not competitive. See (Awards for James Baskett, Internet Movie Database )〕 for his role in ''Lilies of the Field''. The significance of these achievements was bolstered in 1967, when he starred in three successful films, all of which dealt with issues involving race and race relations: ''To Sir, with Love''; ''In the Heat of the Night''; and ''Guess Who's Coming to Dinner'', making him the top box-office star of that year.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Quigley Publishing Co. )〕 In 1999, the American Film Institute named Poitier among the Greatest Male Stars of classic Hollywood cinema, ranking 22nd on the list of 25. Poitier has directed a number of films, including ''A Piece of the Action'', ''Uptown Saturday Night'', ''Let's Do It Again,'' with Bill Cosby; ''Stir Crazy,'' starring Richard Pryor and Gene Wilder; and ''Ghost Dad,'' also with Cosby. In 2002, thirty-eight years after receiving the Best Actor Award, Poitier was chosen by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to receive an Academy Honorary Award, in recognition of his "remarkable accomplishments as an artist and as a human being." From 1997 to 2007, he served as the non-resident Bahamian ambassador to Japan. On August 12, 2009, Poitier was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian honor, by President Barack Obama. ==Early life== Sidney Poitier's parents were Evelyn (née Outten) and Reginald James Poitier, Bahamian farmers who owned a farm on Cat Island and traveled to Miami to sell tomatoes and other produce. Reginald worked as a cab driver in Nassau, Bahamas.〔(Davis Smiley interviews Sidney Poitier ) 〕 Poitier was born in Miami while his parents were visiting. His birth was two months premature and he was not expected to survive, but his parents remained in Miami for three months to nurse him to health.〔Adam Gourmand, ''Sidney Poitier: Man, Actor, Icon'' (2004), p.8.〕 Poitier grew up in the Bahamas, then a British Crown colony. But because of his birth in the United States, he automatically gained American citizenship.〔 Poitier's uncle has claimed that the ''Poitier'' ancestors on his father's side had migrated from Haiti〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bio - Sidney Poitier )〕 and were probably part of the runaway slaves who had established maroon communities throughout the Bahamas, including Cat Island. He mentions that the surname ''Poitier'' is a French name, and there were no white Poitiers from the Bahamas. Poitier lived with his family on Cat Island until he was 10, when they moved to Nassau.〔Poitier, Sidney. ''The Measure of a Man: A Spiritual Autobiography''. (2000). New York. HarperCollins.〕 He was raised a Roman Catholic but, later became an agnostic with views closer to deism. At the age of 15, he was sent to Miami to live with his brother. At the age of 17, he moved to New York City and held a string of jobs as a dishwasher. A Jewish waiter sat with him every night for several weeks helping him learn to read the newspaper.〔''Sidney Poitier: Man, Actor, Icon'' (2004) Aram Goudsouzian, University of North Carolina Press ISBN 978-0-8078-2843-4 p44〕 He then decided to join the United States Army after which he worked as a dishwasher until a successful audition landed him a spot with the American Negro Theatre.〔Poitier, Sidney. The Measure of a Man. (2000). New York: HarperCollins Publishers〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sidney Poitier」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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